{"id":231044,"date":"2026-02-03T17:00:37","date_gmt":"2026-02-03T16:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/palestina-il-castello-nel-deserto\/"},"modified":"2026-02-03T17:13:56","modified_gmt":"2026-02-03T16:13:56","slug":"palestine-the-mosaics-of-hisham","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/en\/palestine-the-mosaics-of-hisham\/","title":{"rendered":"Palestine: the Desert Castle"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The rebirth of the most famous \u2018desert castle\u2019 in Jericho through the partnership between Michele Piccirillo and Osama Hamdan: a friendship that transformed mosaic restoration into a powerful tool for empowerment for the youth of Palestine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-desert-castle-a-crossroads-of-history-in-palestine\"><strong>The \u201cDesert Castle\u201d: A Crossroads of History in Palestine<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Built in the 8th century AD by Caliph <strong>Hish\u0101m <\/strong>of the Umayyad dynasty, the palace marked the first major Islamic conquest in Palestine. Indeed, Umayyads chose to garrison the territory through so-called <strong>&#8220;desert castles&#8221;<\/strong>: not true military fortresses, but extra-urban residences created to manage agricultural lands and, above all, to maintain political contacts with the nomadic tribes of the area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hisham&#8217;s Palace was the heart of this system. Born around 720 AD as the Caliph\u2019s residence, it soon transformed into a center of power where audiences and meetings with tribal leaders were held.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBut the palace\u2019s destiny changed over the centuries: during the final stages of the structure&#8217;s implementation, it was destroyed by a devastating earthquake in 749 AD,&#8221; explains Carla Benelli, head of our projects in Palestine. &#8220;<strong>Practically nothing remained of the palace, except for its famous mosaics.<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"788\" src=\"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-25.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-230888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-25.png 940w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-25-400x335.png 400w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-25-240x201.png 240w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-25-768x644.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Our project manager Carla Benelli in Hisham&#8217;s Palace<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-legacy-of-piccirillo-and-hamdan\"><strong>The Legacy of Piccirillo and Hamdan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Those very mosaics today tell a story of rebirth that goes beyond archaeology. In fact, Hish\u0101m\u2019s Palace in Jericho was restored thanks to the shared vision of Father Michele Piccirillo and architect Osama Hamdan: a partnership that transformed ruins into an <strong>engine of redemption for the entire local community. <\/strong>It is a story of social empowerment that we chose to tell in the documentary \u201cIn viaggio verso casa\u201d (<em>Journeying Home<\/em>), dedicated specifically to Osama\u2019s life path in Palestine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And yet, this synergy between the two was the response to decades of uncertainty: the recovery of Hish\u0101m\u2019s mosaics is, in fact, strictly intertwined with the<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.proterrasancta.org\/en\/news\/short-story-of-the-gaza-strip\">turbulent political events of the 20th century.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-from-the-british-mandate-to-the-return-to-palestine\"><strong>From the British Mandate to the Return to Palestine<\/strong><p data-path-to-node=\"10\"><\/p><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The first systematic archaeological investigations began during the British Mandate, bringing the palace to light between 1930 and 1948. However, with the outbreak of the first Arab-Israeli war, management of the site passed to the Jordanian administration, which oversaw its protection but initiated the first true restoration works only in 1965.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This phase was short-lived: just two years later, the Six-Day War broke out, marking a dramatic turning point in the Israeli occupation of Palestine and, consequently, in the fate of the palace itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Things changed during the early 90s. As Carla Benelli recalls: \u201c<em>After remaining under Israeli control for nearly thirty years, the site and the entire city of Jericho were among the first places in 1994 to be returned to the Palestinians<\/em>,\u201d finally allowing the local population to reclaim one of its most identity-defining treasures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-piccirillo-in-palestine\"><strong>Piccirillo in Palestine<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In those years of profound transition, t<strong>he Palestinian Authority identified Father Michele Piccirillo as the ideal interlocutor<\/strong> for the recovery of Hish\u0101m\u2019s mosaics. A Franciscan and renowned archaeologist, Piccirillo was not a mere technician: \u201cHe was capable of valuing even the most unknown heritage,\u201d Carla continues. His strength lay in a visceral bond with the territory and the conviction that cultural heritage had the power to transform entire societies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Accepting the challenge, Piccirillo obtained funding from UNESCO, but his intuition went far beyond scientific conservation. For him, the artifact was not to remain an &#8220;inert object,&#8221; but to be transformed into an <strong>engine of identity and economic redemption for local communities<\/strong>. Carla Benelli emphasizes this very aspect: \u201cPiccirillo understood that it wasn\u2019t enough to dig or restore: <strong>it was necessary to train.<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, he launched a strategic collaboration with the NGO world to create a pioneering project focused on the transmission of skills. The idea was revolutionary for the time: to equip local youth with the technical tools necessary to preserve their own roots. <strong>Heritage, therefore, ceased to be an exclusive domain of foreign scholars and was returned to those who lived with it daily.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201cIn this process of local empowerment, the meeting with architect Osama Hamdan was the decisive spark,\u201d<\/strong> Carla explains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"788\" src=\"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-230893\" srcset=\"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-26.png 940w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-26-400x335.png 400w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-26-240x201.png 240w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-26-768x644.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Since 2021, it has been possible to visit the Palace and its mosaics<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-osama-hamdan-the-necessary-bridge\"><strong>Osama Hamdan: The \u201cNecessary Bridge\u201d<\/strong><p data-path-to-node=\"20\"><\/p><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Thanks to the talent and sensitivity of Osama Hamdan, the restoration of Hish\u0101m\u2019s Palace became more than a simple construction site: i<strong>t became an act of cultural reclamation.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The meeting between him and Father Michele Piccirillo took place in <strong>1997<\/strong>, directly &#8220;in the field,&#8221; among the tiles of the <em><strong>zirdab<\/strong><\/em>, the palace&#8217;s refined private bath. It was in this context that Piccirillo, immediately sensing the scientific depth and human integrity of the architect, decided to entrust him with the first delicate conservation interventions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In those years, the <strong>Palestinian Authority was laboriously seeking its own redemption after decades of oppression. <\/strong>In this climate, the intervention of a foreign expert, however authoritative like Piccirillo, could be perceived with ambivalence. On one hand, there was the need for his scientific expertise; on the other, the fear that a project led by an &#8220;outsider&#8221; might follow old paternalistic patterns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If this relationship never slid into a conflict of competence, it was due to Osama\u2019s sensitivity. A Palestinian, the son of refugees but trained at the great Italian school of restoration, he represented the necessary bridge. According to Carla Benelli, his mediation allowed the project to be experienced not as an imposition, but as an opportunity for growth, transforming a potential bureaucratic clash into a formative dialogue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This harmony was consolidated in <strong>1999 <\/strong>with the birth of the<strong> training laboratory. <\/strong>For Piccirillo, it was natural to appoint Osama as director: under his leadership, <strong>the first six Palestinian youths began a journey that went far beyond technical learning<\/strong>, maturing a new awareness of their roots and transforming into professionals of excellence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u201cTogether, they laid the foundations for a school of restoration that today is the pride of the entire region,\u201d<\/em><\/strong> Carla highlights. Thirty years later, that group of pioneers remains the only essential point of reference for anyone wishing to work on mosaics in Palestine, proving that the protection of heritage is, first and foremost, an act of freedom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"788\" src=\"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-230898\" srcset=\"https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-27.png 940w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-27-400x335.png 400w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-27-240x201.png 240w, https:\/\/preprod.proterrasancta.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Progetto-senza-titolo-27-768x644.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>The construction of a canopy allows for the protection of the mosaics year-round<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-debt-of-beauty-toward-new-generations\"><strong>A Debt of Beauty Toward New Generations<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c<em>Osama felt the urgency not to keep for himself the opportunity he had received by studying in Italy. I too, born in Rome to a peasant family and having been able to study thanks to a similar opportunity, felt the same debt,\u201d<\/em> Carla concludes. <strong><em>\u201cIn a place where many are denied access to beauty and growth, putting one&#8217;s knowledge at the service of everyone is an act of justice.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The rebirth of the most famous \u2018desert castle\u2019 in Jericho through the partnership between Michele Piccirillo and Osama Hamdan: a friendship that transformed mosaic restoration into a powerful tool for empowerment for the youth of Palestine. The \u201cDesert Castle\u201d: A Crossroads of History in Palestine Built in the 8th century AD by Caliph Hish\u0101m of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":114,"featured_media":230884,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9742,9723],"tags":[],"campaign_code":[],"class_list":["post-231044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.7 (Yoast SEO v19.14) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Palestine: The Mosaics of Hish\u0101m | Pro Terra Sancta<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hish\u0101m&#039;s Palace in Palestine: From the Jericho Mosaics to the Restoration by Piccirillo and Hamdan. 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